The Case Brown V Board Of Education Essay - 1344 Words

The court case came about when Plessy [a man of mixed race, one eighth black to be precise)], sat in a white’s only railway car in New Orleans. He was asked to vacate the car, but when he refused he was arrested and awaited trial. After getting a lawyer, he appealed and was able to have his case heard by the Supreme Court. This law allowed further segregation legislation to pass, and justified racial segregation in many institutions (such as school) establishing a Jim Crow system (Horton and Moresi 2001). This legislation rationalized segregation, as long as everything was â€Å"equal†, but nothing really changed. Further, this ruling would be overturned and new legislation in the interest of African Americans would rise. Later, in 1954, The Supreme Court’s ruling in Brown v the Board of Education, overturned the ruling in Plessy v Ferguson. The case Brown v Board of Education was the result of a class action suit filed by 13 Topeka, Kansas parents on behalf of t heir children (20 kids) (Manz 2004). The law suit requested that the school district allow children of color to attend their home school. The School district imposed an (equal but separate) segregation law within the elementary school system, which was permitted by law but not required (Manz 2004). According to Horton and Moresi, it was difficult to pass legislation, because â€Å"the views of one African American were not the views of all African Americans† (2001). They mention that some African American parents felt thatShow MoreRelatedThe Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education982 Words   |  4 PagesEducation is a valuable service in society that strengthen a workforce, a nation and bring forth awareness. Why should this be limited based on race or because of economic reasons, the quality should represent where the schools are located, if they are public? The Public School system belongs to society and those who contribute to what supports the education system. In choosing Brown v. Board of Education, a case which continues to have a great impact to this day, taking into consideration what wasRead MoreThe Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education Essay793 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination in schools became apparent when the court case of Brown v. the Board of Education (1955) began to challenge the school systems. It brought up the unfair advantages minority children were facing in the separate but equal school systems. The ruling of this case pointed out the obstruction of parent s rights presented in the Fourteenth Amendment, and ultimately led to the ruling of all schools becoming integrated. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, 349 U.S. 294 (1955) FourteenthRead MoreThe Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education1813 Words   |  8 Pagesforbidding defense contractors from using racially discriminatory hiring practices (Week) and on May 17, 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the provisions of Plessy v. Ferguson, which allowed for â€Å"separate but equal† public facilities, including public schools. The unanimous decision in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas declared that â€Å"separate educational facilities are inherently unequal† thus ending federal tolerance of racial segregation and igniting the beginning ofRead MoreAnalysis of the Brown v Board of Education Case2525 Words   |  11 Pages It is imperative to note that the case of Brown v Board of Education is based on a chronological history of the fight towards realization of human rights in the United States. This essay shall begin by discussing the history chronologically and accessing it whilst the essay goes along. It is clear th at even though the United States constitution guaranteed equal rights to all men, the issue of slavery prevailed under violation of other human rights. It was only after the Civil War that slave tradeRead MoreThe Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education Of Topeka1694 Words   |  7 Pages In 1954, The United States Supreme Court made a landmark decision with its ruling in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. The ruling was a monumental one for multiple reasons. Firstly, it was a major step in the Civil Rights Movement as it ended the legal use of â€Å"separate but equal† facilities, under the ruling that this violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. It gave African-Americans access to better schools, and also gave them a greater sense of dignity as theyRead MoreThe Case Of Oliver Brown V. The Board Of Education Of Topeka1991 Words   |  8 PagesThe question that this historical investigation and sources will be seeking to answer is: To what extent did the case of Oliver Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas further the progress of the civil rights movement in search of African-American equality? The first source being evaluated is â€Å"The Brown Decision: Its Long Anticipation and Lasting Influence.† This academic journal article originates from the Journal of Southern History, and is written by Linda Reed, an associate professorRead MoreThe Brown v. Board of Education Court Case Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Brown v. Board of Education Court Case served as a highlighted issue in black history. Brown v. Board help different races comes together in public schools. This case became very big 1950s lots of attention was drawn to the case at that time. News reporter and critics had different views and opinions about this case. This case in 1954 causes lots of issues and views towards the black race. The quote â€Å"separate but equal† is vital due to â€Å"Plessy v. Ferguson† and the famous lawyer Thurgood MarshallRead MoreThe Plessy v. Ferguson and the Brown v. The Board of Education Cases592 Words   |  2 Pagesof Creole professionals in New Orleans formed the Citizens’ Committee to Test the Constitutionality of the Separate Car Law. They hired Albion Tourgà ©e, a Reconstruction-era judge and social reformer, as their legal counsel. As plaintiff in the test case the committee chose a person of mixed race in order to support its contention that the law could not be consistently applied, because it failed to define the white and â€Å"colored† races. In 1892, Homer Plessy, a 30 year old male shoemaker who was anRead MoreThe Court Case that Changed the World: Brown v. Board of Education1078 Words   |  5 PagesBrown v. Board of Education is a story of triumph over a society where separating races simply based on appearances was the law. It is a story of two little girls who has to walk through a railroad switchyard in Topeka, Kansas in 1950 just to attend school. With lunch bags and backpacks in hand, they make their way to the black bus stop which is a distance of the tracks. They have to walk this distance, pass the buses filled with white children because they are unable to attend the nearby whiteRead MoreThe Controversial Supreme Court Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education Essay2371 Words   |  10 Pagescontroversial Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education and the effect is had on the nation and even the world. Many people ignore the fact school segregation has not been fixed. The Supreme Court case of Brown v. Bo ard of Education is just something people learn in their social studies class. Most think this case was the end of the story and schools were desegregated and everything was happily ever after, but this is sadly not the reality. The reality is Brown has failed us. The effects can

Essay on George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion - 1908 Words

George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion G.B Shaw believed that people should not be limited by their birth, environment or speech. With reference to Act 1 Act five of Pygmalion, show how Eliza finds her status affected by all of these factors. At the time George Bernard Shaw wrote Pygmalion in 1912, many people were troubled with accents that prevented them from reaching high in act 1, Elizas character is an example of this. In act 1, we see how Eliza was very limited by her environment, her job, her speech by the way that she was treated differently for who she was. The society at the time Pygmalion was written was very set if you were born into a lower class family, you were not seen as anything better than that.†¦show more content†¦He wanted to make people think whilst sitting in the audience wanted to put across what he thought were the bad things going on in the world the problems with the structured society so it was a good idea for him to write certain characters that treated people badly because they were less different to themselves. Shaw also believed that everyone abused the English language pronounced words incorrectly. He tried very hard to change the spelling system of the English language so it was quite decided that he should write one of the main characters as an expert of phonetics, which was the study of the sound of language. In act 1, Eliza thought that the way she came across was normal acceptable but to many people it wasnt. Part of Shaws plot of the play was to make people realise that anyone can speak properly if they took the time effort to try it can affect people in different ways. Eliza is insulted by Higgins feels threatened intimidated by him. You ought to be stuffed with nails you ought. Eliza doesnt feel that she has done anything wrong is just getting on with her life. In this act, people who are wealthier than her judge her because of her birth the fact she is lower class. She compares Pickering to Higgins sees Pickering as the way that gentlemen should be with women. In the first act she likes Freddy tries to make herself look like a proper lady by ordering a taxi.Show MoreRelatedGeorge Bernard Shaws Pygmalion Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesFor many decades, we as people have come to criticize on every aspect of one another’s being without learning the cause of why one portrays themselves in such a way. In the book of Pygmalion, a play of an English woman who is looked down upon by society Because of her dialect and occupation, is no exception to what many struggle with to understand. The book takes place in London, England were a flower girl named Eliza Doolittle tries to sell flowers to a bystander who becomes disgusted by herRead MoreThemes of George Bernard Shaws Play Pygmalion Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesThemes of George Bernard Shaws Play Pygmalion Pygmalion and My Fair Lady are a modern parallel of the story of Pygmalion, legendary sculptor and King of Cyprus, who fell in love with his own statue of Aphrodite. At his prayer, Aphrodite brought the statue to life as Galatea. George Bernard Shaws play Pygmalion is the story of Henry Higgins, a master phonetician, and his mischievous plot to pass a common flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, off as a duchess at the Embassy Ball. In order to achieveRead More Contradictions of Character in George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion962 Words   |  4 Pagesnbsp; According to Emerson people use manners as a front to make themselves look better.nbsp; Inherently, this will lead to a contradiction of the front and the reality.nbsp; One such man who is most concerned with manners is the protagonist of Shaw’s Pygmalion, Professor Henry Higgins.nbsp; Higgins is a man who displays contradictions within his character.nbsp; He is in the business of teaching proper manners, although lacks them himself. nbsp; In addition, Higgins is an intelligent man, and yetRead MoreDoes Eliza Become a Lady in In George Bernard Shaw’s ‘Pygmalion’ 2693 Words   |  11 PagesGeorge Bernard Shaw who was born in Dublin in 1856, was a renowned play writer and a talented platform speaker. He is most famously known for his successful play ‘Pygmalion’ which was widely accepted as one of the most noted comedies of the time. It was written two years before the 1st world war, at a time when society was divided and the poor were severely disadvantaged whilst the rich were idle and blindly living their life, unconcerned about the affairs of others. At the time, Britain hadRead MoreDivision of Social Classes through Language: George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion1183 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughout George Bernard Shaw’s play, Pygmalion, that different people can be brought together in the same circumstance, being a heavy rain shower in London, but distance themselves so effusively because of outer appearances. The situation between the nonintellectual flower-girl and the sophisticated Pickering, Higgins, and the Mother-daughter is drawn out over the judgment of her poor speech and her value as a person as she constantly defends herself against their prejudice. Shaw uses Pygmalion to showRead MoreSocial Classes in George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion and the Movie My Fair Lady571 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion, is a humorous, yet moral, play that portrays the active social classes and lifestyles in Britain. The play features the main character Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics, who embarks o n the formidable task of teaching a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, how to speak English properly, and then passing her off as a duchess at the royal ball. Pygmalion was later adapted into the film, My Fair Lady in 1964, and although there are many differences between the two, theRead More Social Class in George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion and Heartbreak House3944 Words   |  16 Pagesdistinction is always evident within society. Using two plays by George Bernard Shaw, the relevance of the statement, ?class distinction is always evident within society,? will be shown through the use of examples, from both texts. The specific categories of examples are, character, style and setting. In these categories, Pygmalion and Heartbreak House will prove to be more different to each other than they are similar. In the plays, Pygmalion and Heartbreak House, it is shown through character?s speechRead MorePygmalion And My Fair Lady1449 Words   |  6 PagesAmanda Franks Professor Egenolf Response Paper 2 11/11/2015 Pygmalion and My Fair Lady: A Comparison George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion (1916) and the 1964 American film My Fair Lady, based on Shaw’s play, are largely similar in plot and character choice; My Fair Lady being an adaptation of Pygmalion. Shaw’s Pygmalion is based on the Greek myth of Pygmalion and his statue Galatea. The film interpretation is similar to the play in many aspects, though it is different in that, because itRead MoreEssay about George Bernard Shaws Life and Works1933 Words   |  8 PagesGeorge Bernard Shaw was born in Dublin of Protestant stock in 1856. During Shaw’s fifty-eight year career he wrote novels, short stories and several reviews, essays and prefaces. Shaw’s early writings were based on the unrealistic Victorian ideas and written as a comedy that made fun of romance during that time period. Like many other Irish writers, Bernard Shaw contributed highly to English literature and drama with writings such as Pygmalion, a play that was based on a part of his life and writtenRead MoreMiddle-Class-Morality and Comments on Class and Social Standing made by Shaw in Pygmalion564 Words   |  3 PagesMiddle-Class-Morality and Comments on Class and Social Standing made by Shaw in Pygmalion George Bernard Shaws play Pygmalion is the story of Henry Higgins, a master phonetician, and his mischievous plot to pass a common flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, off as a duchess at the Embassy Ball. In order achieve his goal, Higgins must teach Eliza how to speak properly and how to act in upper-class society. The play pokes fun at middle class morality and upper-class superficiality

Einstein Essay On Socialism Example For Students

Einstein Essay On Socialism Alex ThaparHist 315, Professor OrijiAlbert EinsteinOf all the scientists to emerge from the twentieth centuries there is one whose name is known by almost all living people. While most of these do not understand this mans work, everyone knows that its impact on the world of science is astonishing. Yes, many have heard of Albert Einsteins General Theory of Relativity, but few know about the intriguing life that led this scientist to discover what some have called, The greatest single achievement of human thought. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1879. Before his first birthday, his family had moved to Munich where Alberts father, Hermann Einstein, and uncle set up a small electro-chemical business. He was fortunate to have an excellent family with which he held a strong relationship. Alberts mother, Pauline Einstein, had an intense passion for music and literature, and it was she that first introduced her son to the violin in which he found much joy and relaxation. Also, he was very close with his younger sister, Maja, and they could often be found in the lakes that were scattered about the countryside near Munich. As a child, Einsteins sense of curiosity had already begun to stir. A favorite toy if his was his fathers compass and he often marveled at his uncles explanations of algebra. Although young Albert was intrigued by certain mysteries of science, he was considered a slow learner. His failure to become fluent in German until the age of nine even led some teachers to believe he was disabled. Einsteins post-basic education began at the Luitpold Gymnasium when he was ten. It was here that he first encountered the German spirit through the schools strict disciplinary policy. His disapproval of this method of teaching led to his reputation as a rebel. It was probably these differences that caused Einstein to search for knowledge at home. He began not with science, but with religion. He avidly studied the Bible seeking truth, but this religious fervor soon died down when he discovered the intrigue of science and math. To him, these seemed much more realistic than ancient stories. With this new knowledge he disliked class even more, and was eventually expelled from Luitpold Gymnasium, being considered a disruptive influence. Feeling that he could no longer deal with the German mentality, Einstein moved to Switzerland where he continued his education. At sixteen he attempted to enroll at the Federal Institute of Technology, but failed the entrance exam. This forced him to study locally for one year until he finally passed the schools evaluation. The Institute allowed Einstein to meet many other students that shared his curiosity, and it was here that his studies turned mainly to Physics. He quickly learned that while physicists had generally agreed on major principles in the past, there were modern scientists who were attempting to disprove outdated theories. Since most of Einsteins teachers ignored these new ideas, he was again forced to explore on his own. In 1900 he graduated from the Institute and then achieved citizenship to Switzerland. Einstein became a clerk at the Swiss Patent Office in 1902. This job had little to do with physics, but he was able to satiate his curiosity by figuring out how new inventions worked. The most important part of Einsteins occupation was that it allowed him enough time to pursue his own line of research. As his ideas began to develop, he published them in specialist journals. Though he was still unknown to the scientific world, he began to attract a large circle of friends and admirers. A group of students that he tutored quickly transformed into a social club that shared a love of nature, music, and of course, science. In 1903, he married Mileva Maric, a mathematician friend. .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .postImageUrl , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:hover , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:visited , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:active { border:0!important; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:active , .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7f62f0267315c258af9c86e0ec2e905a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: National Crisis EssayIn 1905, Einstein published five separate papers in a journal, the Annals of Physics. The first was immediately acknowledged, and the University of Zurich awarded Einstein an additional degree. The other papers helped to develop modern physics and earned him the reputation of an artist. Many scientists have said that Einsteins work contained an imaginative spirit that was seen in most poetry. His work at this time dealt with molecules, and how their motion affected temperature, but he is most well known for his Special Theory of Relativity, which tackled motion and the speed of light. By far, the biggest year of Einsteins life was 1905. It is called hi s Miracle Year. Perhaps the most important part of his discoveries was the equation E=mc2 (Energy equals mass times the velocity of light squared). After publishing these theories, Einstein was promoted at his office. He remained at the Patents Office for another two years, but his name was becoming too big among the scientific community. In 1908, Einstein began teaching part time at the University of Berne, and the following year, at the age of thirty, he became employed full time by the University of Zurich. Einstein was now able to move to Prague with his wife and two sons, Hans Albert and Eduard. Finally, after being promoted to a professor, Einstein and his family were able to enjoy a good standard of living, but the jobs main advantage was that it allowed Einstein to have access to an enormous library. It was here that he extended his theory and discussed it with the leading scientists of Europe. In 1912, he chose to accept a job placing him in high authority at the Federal In stitute of Technology, where he had originally studied. It was not until 1914 that Einstein was tempted to return to Germany to become research director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics. World War I had a strong effect on Einstein. While the rest of Germany supported the army, he felt the war was unnecessary and disgusting. The new weapons of war that attempted to mass slaughter people caused him to devote much of his life toward creating peace. Toward the end of the war, Einstein joined a political party worked to end the war, and return peace to Europe. In 1916, the government outlawed this party, and Einstein was seen as a traitor. In that same year, Einstein published his General Theory of Relativity. This was the end result of ten years worth of work. It revolutionized physics. His theory basically stated that the universe had to be thought of as curved, and told how light was affected by this. The next year, Einstein published another paper that added that the universe had no boundary, but actually twisted back on its self. After the war, many aspects of Einsteins life changed. He divorced his wife who had been living in Zurich with the children throughout the war, and married his cousin Elsa Lowenthal. This led to a renewed interest in his Jewish roots, and he became an active supporter of Zionism. Since anti-Semitism was growing in Germany, he became the target of prejudice. There were many rumors about groups who were trying to kill Einstein, and he began to travel extensively. The biggest change, though, was in 1919 when scientists who studied an eclipse confirmed that his theories were correct. In 1921, he traveled through Britain and the United States raising funds for Zionism and lecturing about his theories. He also visited the battle sites of the war and urged that Europe renew scientific and cultural links. He promoted non-patriotic, non-competitive education believing that it would prevent war from happening in the future. He also believed that socialism would help the world achieve peace. .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .postImageUrl , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:hover , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:visited , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:active { border:0!important; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:active , .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5 .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub0733b9dc70565f08c34f8b071355ec5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Many Pages is 7500 Words?Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922. He gave all the money to his ex-wife and children to help with their lives and education. After another lecture tour, he visited Palestine for the opening of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He talked about the possibilities that Palestine held for the Jewish people. Upon his return, he began to enjoy a calmer life in which he returned to his original curiosity, religion. While Einstein was visiting America in 1933, the Nazi party came to power in Germany. Again he was subject to anti-Semitic attacks, but this time his house was broken into, and he was publicly considered an enemy of the nation. It was obvious that he could not return to Germany, and for the second time, he renounced his German citizenship. During these early years in America he did some research at Princeton, but did not accomplish much of significance. In 1939, the Second World War started to take shape. There was heated argument at this time over whether the United States should explore the idea of an atomic bomb. Einstein wrote to President Roosevelt warning him of the disaster that could occur if the Nazis developed it first. Einstein did not participate in the development of the bomb, but the idea did stem from his very famous equation. He figured that the bomb was under development, but he did not know when it was going to be used. Right before the bomb was dropped on Japan, Einstein wrote a letter to the President begging him not to use this terrible weapon. The rest of Einsteins life was dedicated to promoting peace. As soon as the war was over, he declared, The war is won, but the peace i s not. He wrote many articles and many speeches calling for a world government. His fame at this point was legendary. People from all over would write to him for advice, and he would often answer them. He continued his scientific research until the very day he died. This was on the sad day of April 18, 1955. There is no doubt in my mind that he was dissatisfied that he was never able to find the true meaning of existence that he strove for all his life!

Relationship Between Ecstasy And Memory Essays -

Relationship Between Ecstasy And Memory Can there be a Relationship between Ecstasy and Memory in the Human Body? Target Article: Parrott, A.C & Lasky, J. (1998) Ecstasy (MDMA) effects upon mood and cognition: before, during and after a Saturday night dance. Psychopharmacology, 139, 261-268. Additional Article: Parrot, A.C., Lees, A., Garnham, N.J., Jones, M., ecstasy: evidence for memory deficits. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 12, 79-83. Rationale and Variables: The Experiment that was conducted in class determined the affects of ecstasy or MDMA on the participants memory. In addition to testing for their ability to recall information it also looked at the number of false memory that were related to the actual word slow in the class study. In the experiment Dr. Earleywine used a list of words that were to be memorized, and recall in a given time. This study is related to another experiment conducted by A.C Parrott and J. Lasky. In their study they looked at the effects of ecstasy or MDMA on mood and cognition. They tested three groups: non- MDMA, novice-MDMA users, and regular MDMA users. They used different methods to test the three groups, included in the methods was word recall, which was also used in the class study by Dr. Earleywine. The result from that experiment showed that ecstasy or MDMA users did have memory problems. Another study was also conducted by A.C. Parrott, A. Leess, N.J Garnham M. Jones, and K. Wesnes, which was relate also to the other experiments. This experiment was conducted using three groups: non-MDMA, novice-MDMA and regular MDMA users. They used series of methods to conduct their study, and found their results similar to the earlier study. Analyzing the finding of the two studies, Dr. Earleywine decided to do a study with the mind set of making a connection between the rates of intrusions that participants who have used MDMA, compared with the rate of intrusions with participants, who did not use MDMA. The independent variables were the two groups MDMA users and non-MDMA users, and the dependent variables are the intrusions, and words recalled. Methods: The data for the experiment was collected form students that were taking psychology at University of Southern California. The participants included 145 women and 92 men. The ethnicity background included Caucasian, African/Caribbean, Asian/Pacific Islander, Latino, Native American, and others, which were not specified. The age of the participants averaged 19.578 years. The procedure of experiment started when Dr. Earleywine distributed the surveys to the participants. In the survey, questions regarding ecstasy and other drugs were asked. The participants were asked to put a check next to statements that were true to them. In the statement the participants were asked if they used MDMA in there life time or if they have never used it. They were also asked their race, age, sex and year in school. When the participants completed the questioner, Dr. Earleywine read a list of 16 words, pausing a few seconds between each word. When he was done reading the list, there was a 30-secon ds period of silence in the lecture room. After the 30-secondes, the participants were asked to recall words that they believed were read and to write them on the back of one of the surveys. Results: The study that was conducted produced results that were not very significant to our predicament. We predicted that the data we would receive would back up the two studies that were conducted, and would also be strong enough to make a statement of its own. But our prediction was far form backing up the two articles that we read. It was stated that 63.7% never used MDMA and 36.3% used MDMA in their lifetime. When the data was analyzed between the two groups, for intrusions and target intrusions they were identical for the most part. The MDMA users in our study were not more likely to make target intrusions. In the recall area of the study, the non-MDMA users recalled an average of 8.8600 words out of 16, and MDMA users averaged 8.1125 words. For the intrusion part of the study the non-MDMA users made 1.0200 intrusions on average and the MDMA users averaged